Plantng-machine



G. W. BEARDSLEE. JAGKER FOR PLANING MACHINES.

No. 8,497. Patented Nov: 4, 1851.

UNITED STATES PATENT UFFICE.

GEORGE W. BEARDSLEE, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

PLANING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 8,497, dated November 4, 1851.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE W. Bmnos- LEE, of Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Jackers for Planing-Machines; and. I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description'of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of the same, in which Figure 1, represents a side view. Fig. 2, represents the bolt and nut for adjusting, and allowing the front of the cutter to rise and fall with the different thicknesses of boards or plank to be planed. Fig. 8, a sectional top View of the stock and cutter.

Similar letters in the several figures represent like parts.

The nature of my invention consists in the application of springs or weights to each edge and end of cutter stocks on which knives with caps are bolted for the planing of boards or plank whereby they are caused to yield both on the heel and edge.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings.

In the practical use of all continued shaving cutters in power machines for planing boards and plank, the following difiiculties have occurred, and have to a great extent rendered them inoperative. By far the larger proportion of lumber that is planed by power machines, has embedded in its surface, sand and other gritty substances, which destroy the keen cutting edge of a series of knives; and also, all lumber before it is planed is of various thicknesses. The first difficulty, my improved cutter stock, to a great extent, obviates in the following manner: I place this stock in advance of a series of stocks which are fixed by any of the known modes upon side plates for the purpose (by a series of cuts) of reducing boards to a uniform thickness. In this position by the action of the springs, the knife stock a, is firmly bolted on the metal bar 6, with the bolt and nut 0. This being firmly attached, through said bar are passed the bolts 1", and n (Figs. 2 and 1,) in a mortise, and by the pin is, are kept from a backward or forward movement, and allowed to rise and fall at the point of the cutting edge to a given height by the slot 79. The heel of the stock is held firmly by the spring Z, and bolt and nut n, m. The steel plat-e t, is firmly bolted to the underside of the stock at the heel, and forms a throat for the next knife, and by the spring Z, is firmly held upon the board, while passing through under the cutters. The front edge of the cutter is adjusted by the nut 7', working in the socket /b, on the bolt 1", by which the edge can be fixed to any desired height from the bed, but by the top spring Z, and the slot 7), is permitted to rise to the inequalities of the boards or plank. This stock is made with a fixed throat like a hand plane, and always takes a given shaving, or one of a given thickness, which is governed by the bar of steel. a, which is firmly bolted on the front edge of the stock.

It will readily be perceived that, the double action given by the above described arrangement causes this plane to take the.

first shaving off the board or plank whether it is thick or thin, or of an unequal thickness, and thereby removes all dirt and gritty substances from the plank or board, before it comes in contact with the cutting edges of the remaining cutters; hence they are protected from the causes which destroy the keenness of their cutting edges; or, in other words, it becomes a acker to every board or plank whether thick or thin.

In the running of lumber of great inequalities of thickness, it will be perceived that this cutter accommodates itself to such inequalities, and forms a self adjustable throat to the next cutter, which takes the unequal shaving from the board or plank.

In the double action of this stock, if the cutting edge of the knife is in the act of removing a shaving from a thin board, and a thick one is approaching it, the bar a that forms the throat to this cutter (it being rounded on the under side for this purpose) is caused to rise by the thick board; it being firmly fixed to the stock, it carries up the cutting edge with it, to the plane of the thick board; but the heel is still held firmly to the thin board until raised by the thick board.

The bolt 91-, which supports the upper spring, is hinged to the bolt r, by the steel pin 9, by which arrangement it is allowed to vibrate with the rocking or oscillating motion given to the stock. By the square part ends of the stock rise equally being guided by said bolt.

WVhen this stock and cutter is used for a whole series of cutters, the adjustment to the side plates, is made in the same manner. When used thus all these stocks after the first one Would be held to a fixed position by the top springs or weights being applied with greater force. The object of this arrangement is to permit the cutting edge to rise when one board runs under the other. This difliculty is of common occurrence in all machines where the whole power of plan ing is applied to the feed, and one board pushes the other through between a fixed bed and cutters, as not infrequently boards are Wedge-shaped at their ends, or Wedges are formed by the separation of boards in cross grained lumber. By permitting the stocks to rise, if the above difliculty occurs, the breaking up of the stocks or bed is prevented. Thus by my improved double elastic stock, by the application of weights or springs, both, to the point on the stock in line With the cutting edge of the knife and also to the heel, this difliculty is effectually removed.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, what I claim therein as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

The application of springs or weights to cutter stocks, both at their point in line With the cutting edge of the knife, and also to the heel, by which a double action is given to the stock both at the heel and edge, allowing it to rise and oscillate to the inequalities of boards or plank, substantially as described and for the purposes, herein set forth.

GEO. lV. 'BEARDSLEE.

\Vitnesses DUNCAN B. FINCH, GEORGE M. COFFIN. 

